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feat(anthropic): Add support for streaming thinking events #2800

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feat(anthropic): Add support for streaming thinking events

Add necessary types and update stream processing to handle Anthropic's 'thinking' content blocks and deltas in streaming responses. This resolves an issue where an IllegalArgumentException was thrown for unhandled thinking event types.

example curl request and response:

curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
  --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
  --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
  --header "content-type: application/json" \
  --data '{
    "model": "claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219",
    "max_tokens": 2048,
    "temperature": 1.0,
    "stream": true,
    "thinking": {
      "type": "enabled",
      "budget_tokens": 1024
    },
    "messages": [
      {
        "role": "user",
        "content": "Are there an infinite number of prime numbers such that n mod 4 == 3?"
      }
    ]
  }'

response

event: message_start
data: {"type":"message_start","message":{"id":"msg_01GhrQGpNXmdBoye6Tsi1zFg","type":"message","role":"assistant","model":"claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219","content":[],"stop_reason":null,"stop_sequence":null,"usage":{"input_tokens":54,"cache_creation_input_tokens":0,"cache_read_input_tokens":0,"output_tokens":2}}             }

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":0,"content_block":{"type":"thinking","thinking":"","signature":""}    }

event: ping
data: {"type": "ping"}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"This"}               }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" question is asking about prime numbers $p$ that satisfy"}             }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" $p \\equiv 3 \\p"}   }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"mod{4}$, i.e., when"} }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" divided by 4, they leave a remainder of "}            }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"3.\n\nLet's think about whether"}       }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" there are infinitely many such primes.\n\nThe"}         }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" standard proof for the infinitude of pr"}           }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"imes in general (Euclid's proof"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":") can be adapted to show that"}       }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" there are infinitely many primes in"}             }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" certain residue classes.\n\nFor"} }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" primes $p \\equiv 3 \\pmod{"}     }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"4}$, we can use"}     }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions,"}          }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" which states that if $a$ and $m"}       }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"$ are coprime positive integers, then there are"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" infinitely many primes in the arithmetic progression $a"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":", a+m, a+2m,"}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" \\ldots, a+km, \\ldots$"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"\n\nIn our case, $a = 3$"}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" and $m = 4$, an"}          }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"d they are coprime since $\\gcd(3"}            }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":", 4) = 1$. So"}   }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" by Dirichlet's theorem, there are"}             }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" infinitely many primes of the form $4"}            }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":"k + 3$ where $k$"}   }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" is a non-negative integer.\n\nSo"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" the answer is yes, there are infinitely many prime"}         }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" numbers $p$ such that $p \\equiv"}           }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"thinking_delta","thinking":" 3 \\pmod{4}$."}  }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"signature_delta","signature":"ErUBCkYIXXXCIkCptEPsc+PlFas6Gdq/+B/3rtWjwzgKqxXXXWqymf/yvPp8ReVDCJMyV2wIDrXNU1jdozV8yHZ+qMa3O44E8Y8/EgxYLk6hOrtV1cAmxGkaDNjDr6m/yOLkOwvZYSIwMcNcgRez6QxUieKXk7xd5RpQTek7Z5esIkrNg3wgoNRrFJOLyU/adNjF4DJknXXXKh1qC8nCUmxzm7beBoqLq0HtAEsIqQGHxO4LN0S8yRgC"}          }

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":0           }

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":1,"content_block":{"type":"text","text":""}               }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"# Yes, There Are Infinitely Many"}         }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" Primes Where p ≡ "}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"3 (mod 4)\n\nYes"}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":", there are infinitely many prime numbers p"}              }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" such that p mod 4 = "}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"3 (or written mathematically as"}           }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" p ≡ 3 (mo"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"d 4)).\n\nThis can be proven using an"}         }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" adaptation of Euclid's classic"}  }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" proof for the infinitude of primes"}        }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":", though the complete proof is more"}               }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" complex and involves tools from number theory."}               }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"\n\n## Proof Sketch\n\n1."}         }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" Dirichlet's theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions"}           }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" guarantees that for any coprime integers a and m, there are"}   }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" infinitely many primes in the form"}   }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" a + mk.\n\n2. Since"}       }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" gcd(3,4) = 1"}   }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":", we can apply Dirichlet's theorem"}         }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" with a = 3 and m = "}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"4.\n\n3. Therefore, there are infin"}            }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"itely many primes of the form 4"} }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"k + 3.\n\nThe primes p"}               }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" ≡ 3 (mod "}            }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"4) include 3, 7, 11, 19"}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":", 23, 31, 43,"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" 47, 59, 67, "}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"71, ... and they continue indefinitely.\n\nThis"}    }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" result is a special case of the more general fact"}     }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" that prime numbers are equally distributed among the eligible"}              }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" residue classes modulo m ("}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"where \"eligible\" means the residue classes"}      }

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" that are coprime to m)."}   }

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":1             }

event: message_delta
data: {"type":"message_delta","delta":{"stop_reason":"end_turn","stop_sequence":null},"usage":{"output_tokens":621}           }

event: message_stop
data: {"type":"message_stop"         }

resolves #2793

@apappascs apappascs force-pushed the feat/anthropic-stream-thinking branch 2 times, most recently from ccfe43f to f2fbcdd Compare April 18, 2025 12:33
apappascs
apappascs commented Apr 18, 2025
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...i-anthropic/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/anthropic/client/AnthropicChatClientIT.java
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ void functionCallTest() {

// @formatter:off
String response = ChatClient.create(this.chatModel).prompt()
.user("What's the weather like in San Francisco, Tokyo, and Paris? Use Celsius.")
.user("What's the weather like in San Francisco (California, USA), Tokyo (Japan), and Paris (France)? Use Celsius.")
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update flaky test:

[ERROR] Failures: 
[ERROR]   AnthropicChatModelIT.functionCallTest:288 
Expecting actual:
  "<thinking>
To get the current weather for multiple locations, I would need to call the getCurrentWeather function multiple times, once for each city.

The getCurrentWeather function takes two required parameters:
- location (string): The city and state, e.g. "San Francisco, CA" 
- unit (string): The temperature unit, either "C" or "F"

The user has provided 3 city names:
- San Francisco 
- Tokyo
- Paris

However, they did not specify the state/country for each city. Since there could be multiple cities with the same name in different states or countries, the state/country is needed to uniquely identify the location.

The user did specify they want the temperature in Celsius, so the unit parameter can be set to "C".

Since the location parameter cannot be fully populated without more information, I will ask the user to clarify the state/country for each city before making the API calls.
</thinking>

To get the current weather for San Francisco, Tokyo and Paris, I'll need a bit more information. Could you please clarify the state or country for each city? For example:

San Francisco, CA, USA
Tokyo, Japan 
Paris, France

Once I have the full location details, I'll be happy to look up the current weather in Celsius for each city."
to contain:
  ["30", "10", "15"]
but could not find:
  ["30", "10", "15"]

@dinodanger
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@apappascs any hope to get this in?

@apappascs apappascs mentioned this pull request Jun 4, 2025
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@apappascs
feat(anthropic): Add support for streaming thinking events
340ed13 
Add necessary types and update stream processing to handle Anthropic's 'thinking' content blocks and deltas in streaming responses. This resolves an issue where an IllegalArgumentException was thrown for unhandled thinking event types.
format

Signed-off-by: Alexandros Pappas <[email protected]>
@apappascs apappascs force-pushed the feat/anthropic-stream-thinking branch from f2fbcdd to 340ed13 Compare June 5, 2025 09:10
@markpollack markpollack self-assigned this Jun 6, 2025
@markpollack markpollack added this to the 1.1.x milestone Jun 6, 2025
markpollack
markpollack reviewed Jun 11, 2025
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models/spring-ai-anthropic/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/anthropic/api/StreamHelper.java
return true;
// Tool use streaming sequence ends with a CONTENT_BLOCK_STOP event.
// The logic relies on the state machine (isInsideTool flag) managed in
// chatCompletionStream to know if this stop event corresponds to a tool use.
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nice!

markpollack
markpollack reviewed Jun 11, 2025
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...s/spring-ai-anthropic/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/anthropic/api/AnthropicApiIT.java

System.out.println(response);
.chatCompletionEntity(ChatCompletionRequest.builder()
.model(AnthropicApi.ChatModel.CLAUDE_3_OPUS.getValue())
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tx for using the builder

@markpollack
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markpollack commented Jun 11, 2025 •
edited
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Thanks. I've added docs and in the course of doing that realized we have some gaps to support claude 4's 'thinking with interleaved tool use' feature. I've created this issue to track - #3513

Merged in 12f19db and also backported to 1.0.x branch.

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Spring AI Anthropic Client fails to parse "thinking" content block type from Claude 3.7 response
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@apappascs @dinodanger @markpollack